The results of the assessment of the level of pollution by oil products (OP) of the soils of the city of Krasnoyarsk which is a large industrial center are given. The researches were executed during 2015-2017 and soil cover of three functional zones of the city was investigated. The level of pollution was estimated according to the standard gradation and on the relation to background soils: to podzols illuvial, humic and dark gray typical. The OP content was determined by the fluorimetric method using the "Fluorate-02-2M" analyzer. The activity of enzyme of urease in the soils was established on the speed of decomposition of carbamide. The greatest role in the formation of soil cover of Krasnoyarsk is accepted by urbanozyom, kulturozyom, recreazyom, replantozyom, constructozyom, psamozyom. In 220 of 264 OP investigated tests the contents was in the limits of 100-500 mg/kg, corre- sponding to the level of raised background. The greatest con- centration were characteristic for the soils of production zone of the city, here 34 % of the tests were polluted at admissible level. OP average values in the soils of landscape and recrea- tional and residential zones made 110 and 125 mg/kg respec- tively. The variation of concentration of OP in city soils is sub- ject to seasonal dynamics, maximum levels are typical for the period May-June. It was established that the change of activi- ty of amylase had more dense communication with such pa- rameter, as pH of aqueous extract, in the complex reflecting the level of pollution of soils (r=0.72), than with the content of oil products (r=0.52). The levels of biological activity of soils of landscape and recreational zones specify that the majority ofthem possess average or high potential ability to self-cleaning today. The revealed levels of concentration of OP in the soils of Krasnoyarsk are offered to be used as the basis for carry- ing out long-term monitoring.
soil pollution, oil products, ferment activity
1. PND F 16.1:2.21-98 (M03-03-2012). Kolichestvennyy himicheskiy analiz pochv i othodov. Metodika izmereniya massovoy doli nefteproduktov v probah pochv i gruntov fluorimetricheskim metodom na analizatore zhidkosti «Flyuorat-02». - M.: Ministerstvo prirodnyh resursov RF, 1998. - 23 s.
2. Aristovskaya T.V., Chugunova M.V. Ekspress-metod opredeleniya biologicheskoy aktivnosti pochv // Pochvovedenie. - 1989. - № 1. - S. 142-147.
3. Opekunov A.Yu. Ekologicheskoe normirovanie i ocenka vozdeystviya na okruzhayuschuyu sredu. - SPb.: Izd-vo SPbGU, 2006. - 260 s.
4. Poryadok opredeleniya uscherba ot zagryazneniya zemel' himicheskimi veschestvami / Komitet RF po zemel'- nym resursam i zemleustroystvu. - M., 1993. - 7 s.
5. Protasov V.F. Ekologiya i ohrana okruzhayuschey sredy v Rossii. - M.: Finansy i statistika, 1999. - 508 s.
6. Yakovlev A.S., Evdokimova M.V. Ekologicheskoe normirovanie pochv i upravlenie ih kachestvom // Pochvovedenie. - 2011. - № 5. - S. 582-596.
7. Guseynov A.N., Mogutova L.M., Gubareva N.N. [i dr.]. Nefteprodukty i 3,4-benzpiren v pochvah goroda Tyumeni // Ekologiya i promyshlennost' Rossii. - 2000. - № 7. - S. 31-34.
8. Vishnevaya Yu.S., Popova L.F. Vliyanie avtotransporta na soderzhanie uglevodorodov nefteproduktov v pochvah selitebnogo landshafta g. Arhangel'ska // Universum: Himiya i biologiya: elektron. nauch. zhurn. - 2016. - № 4 (22).
9. Fiziologicheskaya aktivnost' pochv pri raznyh urovnyah neftyanogo zagryazneniya / L.K. Karimullin, A.M. Petrov, A.A. Vershinin [i dr.] // Izv. Samar. nauch. centra RAN. - 2015. - № 4 (4). - T. 17. - S. 797-802.
10. Emcev V.T. Mikrobiologiya. - M.: Drofa, 2005. - 445 s.
11. Sinsabaugh R., Lauber C., Weintraub M. Stoichiome- try of soil enzyme activity at global scale // Ecol. - 2008. - Vol. 11. - № 11. - R. 1252-1264.
12. Fedotova O.V., Sharafutdinov R.A. Ocenka sostoyaniya pochv rekreacionnyh territoriy (na primere o. Tatyshev, g. Krasnoyarsk) // Nauki o Zemle na sovremennom etape: mat-ly IV Mezhdunar. na- uch.-prakt. konf. - M., 2012. - S. 123-125.
