Variation of Total Electron Content over Nepal during Geomagnetic Storms: GPS Observations

Silwal Ashok; Gautam Sujan Prasad; Poudel Prakash; Karki Monika; Chapagain Narayan P; Adhikari Binod

doi:doi:10.2205/2023ES000833

ГРНТИ 37.01 ГРНТИ 37.15 ГРНТИ 37.25 ГРНТИ 37.31 ГРНТИ 38.01

Variation of Total Electron Content over Nepal during Geomagnetic Storms: GPS Observations

Опубликовано в Russian Journal of Earth Sciences · Том 23, Номер 3, 2023 · Страницы 1–19 · Рубрики: ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ

DOI 10.2205/2023ES000833

Получено: 16.01.2022 Одобрено: 31.01.2023 Опубликовано: 23.09.2023 Язык публикаций: ENG

Авторы

Silwal Ashok ¹ iD · Gautam Sujan Prasad ² iD · Poudel Prakash ³ · Karki Monika ⁴ iD · Chapagain Narayan P ⁵ iD · Adhikari Binod ⁶ iD

1 University of Alabama in Huntsville
с 01.01.2022 по настоящее время США

2 University of Alabama in Huntsville
Непал

3 Tribhuvan University
Непал

4 Tribhuvan University
Непал

5 Tribhuvan University
Россия

6 Xavier College
Россия

АННОТАЦИЯ

Geomagnetic storms have very profound effects on the Total Electron Content (TEC) of the ionosphere. In order to investigate the equatorial and low-latitude ionospheric response to the geomagnetic storms of varying intensities, a detailed study of vertical TEC (VTEC) variations resulting from Global Positioning System (GPS) data acquired at four GPS stations in Nepal along 80°–90° E longitude and 26°–30° N latitude sector has been carried out in the present work. The results were analyzed with other favorable inducing factors (solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices) affecting TEC to constrain the causative factor. Positive phases are observed for all the storms studied. During the severe geomagnetic activity, the deviation was ~18 TECU, while it was recorded ~12 TECU and ~8 TECU during moderate and minor geomagnetic activity, respectively. The Detrended Cross-Correlation Analysis (DXA) illustrates that the value of the hourly average VTEC of the BESI station was found to have a strong positive correlation with other stations in all types of storm events, indicating a similar response of all stations towards the space weather events. In addition, the correlation of VTEC with solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices illustrated that the VTEC shows a strong positive association with solar wind velocity (Vsw) in all three geomagnetic events. In contrast, the correlation of plasma density (Nsw), interplanetary magnetic field (IMF-Bz), the symmetric horizontal component of geomagnetic field (SYM-H), and Geomagnetic Auroral Electrojet (AE) index with VTEC vary with the intensity of the storm. Overall results of the study have revealed the characteristic features of TEC variation over Nepal regions during magnetic storms, which validates earlier research on ionospheric responses to geomagnetic storms and theoretical assumptions.

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА

Total Electron Content (TEC) GPS Geomagnetic storm Solar wind parameters Cross-correlation

Информация Текст

Авторы:

1. University of Alabama in Huntsville
с 01.01.2022 по настоящее время
США

2. University of Alabama in Huntsville

Непал

3. Tribhuvan University

Непал

4. Tribhuvan University

Непал

5. Tribhuvan University

Россия

6. Xavier College

Россия

Тип:

Статья

Страницы:

с 1 по 19

Статус:

Опубликован

Классификаторы:

ГРНТИ 37.01 Общие вопросы геофизики
ГРНТИ 37.15 Геомагнетизм и высокие слои атмосферы
ГРНТИ 37.25 Океанология
ГРНТИ 37.31 Физика Земли
ГРНТИ 38.01 Общие вопросы геологии

Язык материала:

английский

Ключевые слова:

Total Electron Content (TEC), GPS, Geomagnetic storm, Solar wind parameters, Cross-correlation

Финансирование

GPS-derived TEC Data used for this study is obtained from the UNAVCO (https://www.unavco.org/), and the data of interplanetary parameters and geomagnetic indices are extracted from NASA websites (http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ow_min.html). We want to thank staff members of NASA and UNAVCO for making the data available.

Текст

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Variation of Total Electron Content over Nepal during Geomagnetic Storms: GPS Observations

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