The aim of the investigation is to determine the index of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of goat's willow plants growing under high-voltage transmission lines and in areas subjected to pollution of atmospheric air by automobile emissions. The plants grew on the site located under 220 kV transmission line in suburban green zone of Krasnoyarsk in Nikolayevskaya Sopka area (experiment 1); at the section located under the 500 kV transmission line, 25 km from Krasnoyarsk near the Ryabinino railway station (experiment 2) and on the territory along the city road (experiment 3). To estimate the level of contamination of the latter, the number of cars passing along the road for 1 hour was calculated. Control 1 was represented by a section of suburban zone, located more than 100 m from 220 kV transmission line. As control the site which was more than 100 m from 500 kV transmission line was selected. In plants growing in these areas, the width of the left and right sides of the leaf was measured and index value of FA was calculated. The values of FA index of leaves of goat willow, determined for control variants, were 0.025-0.026, and the calculated ones for the experiments 1-3 were respectively 0.040, 0.047 and 0.034. Thus, the degree of variation of the width of the right and left half of the goat's willow leaves (the index value of FA) can be sensitive indicator when bioindication method is used to monitor the degree of anthro- pogenic load on the environment in the form of variable elec- tromagnetic field of industrial frequency. It is established that the response of plants to physical ecological factor - electro- magnetic field of the industrial frequency - expressed in the appearance of the asymmetry of the leaf, is manifested more strongly in comparison with the chemical factor - the exhaust gases of cars. The tendency of the growth of FA index ofleaves is noted with the increase of the electric voltage from 220 kV to 500 kV.
goat willow, leaf, width, asymmetry, power lines, automobile emissions, bioindication
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